According to Maslow's hierarchy, which need is considered the most fundamental?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, physiological needs represent the most fundamental level. These are the basic requirements for human survival, including necessities such as food, water, warmth, and rest. According to Maslow, until these needs are met, individuals are unlikely to pursue higher-level needs related to safety, social belonging, esteem, or self-actualization. The model suggests that as each level of needs is satisfied, individuals can then focus on advancing to the next tier in the hierarchy, ultimately aiming for self-actualization, which involves realizing personal potential and seeking personal growth and peak experiences. This structure emphasizes the importance of addressing fundamental needs before individuals can effectively engage with more complex psychological and social needs.